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Mycotoxins are toxic mold metabolites produced during the growth phase of molds in various foods and feed grains. Aflatoxin B₁, one of the most harmful mycotoxins, has been demonstrated to be carcinogenic, teratogenic and mutagenic in humans. To prevent the formation of inactivate aflatoxins, several physical treatments and chemicals have been applied including roasting, ammoniation and the use of insecticides, herbicides and plant extracts. However, none of the above have been used in practice even though a biological control strategy using antagonistic microorganisms is an ideal method due to its reduced side effects. For the control of the formation of aflatoxin B₁biologically, some antagonistic microorganisms, #07, #20, #33-2 and #74 were isolated from various samples through an antagonistic activity test. Among them, antagonistic microorganism #07 showed a higher inhibitory activity against the growth of Aspergillus parasiticus and the formation of aflatoxin B₁. In a co-culture of A. parasiticus with antagonistic microorganism #07, the formation of aflatoxin B₁was reduced by 96.5% in PDB and in Meju by 90.3%. Based on its morphological and physicochemical characteristics, antagonistic microorganism #07 was identified as a Bacillus sp.
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